@layer properties{@supports (((-webkit-hyphens:none)) and (not (margin-trim:inline))) or ((-moz-orient:inline) and (not (color:rgb(from red r g b)))){:root,:host{--shimmer-angle:20deg}*,:before,:after,::backdrop{--tw-animation-delay:0s;--tw-animation-direction:normal;--tw-animation-duration:initial;--tw-animation-fill-mode:none;--tw-animation-iteration-count:1;--tw-enter-blur:0;--tw-enter-opacity:1;--tw-enter-rotate:0;--tw-enter-scale:1;--tw-enter-translate-x:0;--tw-enter-translate-y:0;--tw-exit-blur:0;--tw-exit-opacity:1;--tw-exit-rotate:0;--tw-exit-scale:1;--tw-exit-translate-x:0;--tw-exit-translate-y:0;--scroll-fade-t:0px;--scroll-fade-b:0px;--scroll-fade-s:0px;--scroll-fade-e:0px;--scroll-fade-mask:initial;--shimmer-image:initial;--shimmer-text-fill:initial}}}@layer theme{:root,:host{--spacing:.25rem;--default-font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;--default-mono-font-family:"Courier New", Courier, monospace}}@layer base{*,:after,:before,::backdrop{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}::file-selector-button{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}html,:host{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;tab-size:4;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--default-font-family,ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji");font-feature-settings:var(--default-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-font-variation-settings,normal);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--default-mono-font-family,ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace);font-feature-settings:var(--default-mono-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-mono-font-variation-settings,normal);font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}:-moz-focusring{outline:auto}progress{vertical-align:baseline}summary{display:list-item}ol,ul,menu{list-style:none}img,svg,video,canvas,audio,iframe,embed,object{vertical-align:middle;display:block}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,input,select,optgroup,textarea{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup{font-weight:bolder}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup option{padding-inline-start:20px}::file-selector-button{margin-inline-end:4px}::placeholder{opacity:1}@supports (not ((-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button))) or (contain-intrinsic-size:1px){::placeholder{color:currentColor}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab, red, red)){::placeholder{color:color-mix(in oklab, currentcolor 50%, transparent)}}}textarea{resize:vertical}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-date-and-time-value{min-height:1lh;text-align:inherit}::-webkit-datetime-edit{display:inline-flex}::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper{padding:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{line-height:1}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}button,input:where([type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]){appearance:button}::file-selector-button{appearance:button}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[hidden]:where(:not([hidden=until-found])){display:none!important}}@layer components;@layer utilities{.fixed{position:fixed}.static{position:static}.start{inset-inline-start:var(--spacing)}.contents{display:contents}}@property --tw-animation-delay{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0s}@property --tw-animation-direction{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:normal}@property --tw-animation-duration{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-animation-fill-mode{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:none}@property --tw-animation-iteration-count{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:1}@property --tw-enter-blur{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-enter-opacity{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:1}@property --tw-enter-rotate{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-enter-scale{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:1}@property --tw-enter-translate-x{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-enter-translate-y{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-exit-blur{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-exit-opacity{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:1}@property --tw-exit-rotate{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-exit-scale{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:1}@property --tw-exit-translate-x{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-exit-translate-y{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --scroll-fade-t{syntax:"<length-percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --scroll-fade-b{syntax:"<length-percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --scroll-fade-s{syntax:"<length-percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --scroll-fade-e{syntax:"<length-percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --scroll-fade-mask{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --shimmer-angle{syntax:"<angle>";inherits:true;initial-value:20deg}@property --shimmer-image{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --shimmer-text-fill{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.shimmer{-webkit-text-fill-color:currentColor;background-image:none;animation:none}}:root{--background:#fff;--foreground:#151515;--card:#fff;--card-foreground:#151515;--popover:#fff;--popover-foreground:#151515;--primary:#a31f34;--primary-foreground:#fff;--secondary:#f1f1ef;--secondary-foreground:#151515;--muted:#f3f3f1;--muted-foreground:#5f5f5b;--accent:#f3f3f1;--accent-foreground:#151515;--destructive:#b42318;--border:#d8d8d3;--input:#d8d8d3;--ring:#a31f34;--radius:0;--mit-red:#a31f34;--mit-red-dark:#7d1728;--ink:#151515;--muted-ink:#5f5f5b;--rule:#cececa;--paper:#f3f3f1;--page:1180px}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{background:var(--background);color:var(--foreground);text-rendering:optimizelegibility;margin:0;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55}::selection{color:#111;background:#ead4d9}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:.2em;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--mit-red);outline-offset:4px}img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}h1,h2,h3,p,figure,ol,ul,dl{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{color:var(--ink);font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-weight:400}h1{letter-spacing:-.04em}h2{letter-spacing:-.025em;font-size:clamp(1.75rem,3vw,2.7rem);line-height:1.08}h3{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.25}.skip-link{z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:#fff;padding:.7rem 1rem;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;transform:translateY(-110%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.site-frame{border-top:5px solid var(--mit-red);min-height:100vh}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.institution-bar,.masthead,.site-main,.site-footer{width:min(calc(100% - 3rem), var(--page));margin-inline:auto}.institution-bar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);color:var(--muted-ink);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;justify-content:space-between;padding:.6rem 0;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:700;display:flex}.masthead{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:2rem;min-height:116px;padding:1.5rem 0 1.3rem;display:flex}.wordmark{align-items:center;gap:1rem;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.wordmark strong{font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.55rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.1;display:block}.wordmark small{color:var(--muted-ink);letter-spacing:.035em;margin-top:.3rem;font-size:.78rem;display:block}.monogram{background:var(--mit-red);color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.05em;place-items:center;width:48px;height:48px;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:800;display:grid}nav{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.25rem 1.55rem;display:flex}nav a{color:#353533;padding:.35rem 0;font-size:.92rem;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;position:relative}nav a:after{content:"";background:0 0;height:3px;position:absolute;bottom:-1.35rem;left:0;right:0}nav a:hover,nav a.active{color:var(--mit-red)}nav a.active:after{background:var(--mit-red)}.site-main{padding-bottom:5rem}.welcome-section{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(250px,360px);align-items:center;gap:clamp(2.5rem,7vw,7rem);padding:clamp(3.2rem,7vw,5.8rem) 0;display:grid}.welcome-copy{max-width:720px}.welcome-copy h2{margin-bottom:1.4rem;font-size:clamp(2.1rem,4vw,3.5rem)}.welcome-lede{color:#383835;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:clamp(1.08rem,1.8vw,1.28rem);line-height:1.58}.welcome-links{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.65rem 1.5rem;margin-top:1.8rem;padding-top:1rem;display:flex}.welcome-links a{color:var(--mit-red);font-size:.86rem;font-weight:700}.welcome-portrait{border-top:4px solid var(--mit-red);margin:0}.welcome-portrait img{aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:52% center}.home-research-video{border-top:2px solid var(--mit-red);margin-top:2rem;overflow:hidden}.home-research-video video{aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 0%;background:#000;width:100%;display:block}.home-hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.08fr) minmax(320px,.92fr);align-items:center;gap:clamp(2.5rem,6vw,6rem);padding:clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7rem) 0 clamp(3rem,7vw,6rem);display:grid}.eyebrow,.section-kicker,.page-index,.feature-label{color:var(--mit-red);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.74rem;font-weight:800}.home-hero h1{max-width:720px;margin-bottom:1.6rem;font-size:clamp(3.2rem,6.5vw,6rem);line-height:.95}.hero-deck{max-width:700px;margin-bottom:1.5rem;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:clamp(1.3rem,2.3vw,1.72rem);line-height:1.35}.hero-body{max-width:650px;color:var(--muted-ink);font-size:1.04rem}.text-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.7rem 1.6rem;margin-top:2rem;display:flex}.text-links a,.inline-link,.profile-link-bar a,.stacked-links a,.media-contact a,.theses a{color:var(--mit-red);font-size:.9rem;font-weight:700}.hero-figure{border-top:4px solid var(--ink);margin:0}.hero-figure img{aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;object-position:center}.hero-figure.schematic-figure{border-top-color:var(--mit-red)}.hero-figure.schematic-figure img{aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:contain;background:#fff;padding:.4rem}.hero-figure figcaption,.research-image figcaption,.gallery-grid figcaption{color:var(--muted-ink);padding-top:.75rem;font-size:.76rem;line-height:1.45}.hero-figure figcaption span{margin-top:.25rem;display:block}.ruled-section{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding:3.6rem 0 4rem}.home-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(210px,.65fr) minmax(0,1.35fr);gap:clamp(2rem,7vw,7rem);display:grid}.home-grid h2{max-width:400px}.prose-column{max-width:760px;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.13rem}.question-list{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:2rem 0 0;padding:0;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:.94rem;list-style:none}.question-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.8rem 0 .8rem 1.25rem;position:relative}.question-list li:before{content:"";background:var(--mit-red);width:6px;height:6px;position:absolute;top:1.35rem;left:0}.section-heading-row{justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem;display:flex}.section-heading-row h2{margin-bottom:0}.publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.publication-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:86px minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem;padding:1.25rem 0;display:grid}.pub-year{color:var(--muted-ink);padding-top:.1rem;font-family:Courier New,monospace;font-size:.82rem}.publication-title{font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.08rem;line-height:1.35;text-decoration:none}a.publication-title:hover{color:var(--mit-red);text-decoration:underline}.publication-list p{color:var(--muted-ink);margin:.3rem 0 0;font-size:.82rem}.note-band{background:var(--paper);border-left:5px solid var(--mit-red);grid-template-columns:140px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start;gap:2rem;margin-top:1rem;padding:2.2rem;display:grid}.note-band p{margin-bottom:0}.note-band p:nth-child(2){max-width:750px;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:1.4}.note-band a{color:var(--mit-red);font-size:.9rem;font-weight:700}.page-intro{grid-template-columns:110px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2rem;padding:clamp(3.8rem,8vw,7rem) 0 clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem);display:grid}.page-index{padding-top:1rem;font-family:Courier New,monospace}.page-intro h1{margin-bottom:1.4rem;font-size:clamp(3.4rem,7vw,6.6rem);line-height:.92}.page-intro>div>p{max-width:760px;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2.5vw,1.65rem);line-height:1.38}.research-feature{grid-template-columns:70px minmax(0,1fr) minmax(280px,.86fr);align-items:start;gap:clamp(1.5rem,4.5vw,4.5rem);display:grid}.research-number{color:var(--mit-red);font-family:Courier New,monospace;font-size:.8rem}.research-copy{max-width:680px}.research-copy h2{margin-bottom:1.4rem}.research-copy>p:not(.section-kicker):not(.research-lede){color:#444441}.research-lede{font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.22rem;line-height:1.42}.research-image{border-top:4px solid var(--mit-red);margin:0}.research-image img{aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:cover}.research-image.wide-figure img{aspect-ratio:auto;object-fit:contain}.research-facts{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:2rem 0 0}.research-facts div{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:90px 1fr;gap:1rem;padding:.65rem 0;display:grid}.research-facts dt{color:var(--muted-ink);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:800}.research-facts dd{margin:0;font-size:.9rem}.plain-list{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:2rem 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.plain-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.6rem 0;font-size:.9rem}.research-feature.text-only{grid-template-columns:70px minmax(0,1fr) minmax(260px,.7fr)}blockquote{background:var(--paper);margin:0;padding:2rem;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.42}blockquote span{color:var(--mit-red);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:1.5rem;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800;display:block}.profile-link-bar{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1rem 2rem;margin-bottom:3.5rem;padding:1rem 0;display:flex}.publication-years{padding-top:0}.publication-year-group{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.5rem;padding:2.8rem 0;display:grid}.publication-year-group h2{color:var(--mit-red);margin:0;font-family:Courier New,monospace;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.publication-year-group ol{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.publication-year-group li{padding:0 0 1.75rem;position:relative}.publication-year-group li+li{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:1.75rem}.publication-year-group li:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.publication-year-group .publication-title{font-size:1.16rem;display:inline}.publication-authors{color:#484845;margin:.5rem 0 .2rem;font-size:.88rem}.publication-venue{color:var(--muted-ink);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.84rem;font-style:italic}.featured-publication{border-left:4px solid var(--mit-red);padding-left:1.25rem!important}.feature-label{margin-bottom:.5rem;display:block}.theses{padding-bottom:0}.thesis-grid{background:var(--rule);border:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1px;margin-top:1.5rem;display:grid}.thesis-grid>div{background:#fff;padding:2rem}.thesis-grid>div>span{color:var(--muted-ink);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:800}.thesis-grid h3{margin:1.2rem 0 .8rem}.thesis-grid p{color:var(--muted-ink);font-size:.9rem}.media-explainer{grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr);gap:clamp(2rem,7vw,7rem);display:grid}.media-explainer>div:last-child{max-width:760px;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.15rem}.media-gallery .section-heading-row{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.gallery-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(1.5rem,4vw,4rem);display:grid}.gallery-grid figure{border-top:4px solid var(--ink);margin:0}.gallery-grid img{aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:cover;transition:filter .18s}.gallery-grid .wide-figure img{aspect-ratio:auto;object-fit:contain}.gallery-grid a:hover img{filter:contrast(1.05)}.gallery-grid figcaption strong,.gallery-grid figcaption span{display:block}.gallery-grid figcaption strong{color:var(--ink);font-size:.82rem}.gallery-grid figcaption span{margin-top:.35rem}.coverage-list{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.coverage-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:240px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2rem;padding:1.25rem 0;display:grid}.coverage-list li>div{color:var(--muted-ink);flex-direction:column;font-size:.78rem;display:flex}.coverage-list a{font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.08rem;text-decoration:none}.coverage-list a:hover{color:var(--mit-red);text-decoration:underline}.media-contact{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;margin-top:1rem;padding:clamp(2rem,5vw,4rem)}.media-contact .section-kicker{color:#e5a8b3}.media-contact h2{color:#fff;max-width:650px}.media-contact a{color:#fff}.site-frame-dark{color:#f2f2ee;background:#030303;border-top-color:#ef3f5d;min-height:100vh}.site-frame-dark .site-header{border-bottom-color:#333}.site-frame-dark .institution-bar{color:#9a9a96;border-bottom-color:#333}.site-frame-dark .wordmark strong,.site-frame-dark .wordmark small,.site-frame-dark nav a{color:#f2f2ee}.site-frame-dark .monogram{color:#070707;background:#ef3f5d}.site-frame-dark nav a:hover,.site-frame-dark nav a.active{color:#ff7890}.site-frame-dark nav a.active:after{background:#ef3f5d}.site-frame-dark .site-footer{color:#90908c;border-top-color:#3b3b3b}.site-frame-dark .site-footer strong{color:#f2f2ee}.site-frame-dark .footer-links a:hover{color:#ff7890}.microscopy-intro{border-bottom:1px solid #4a4a47;grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.5rem 3rem;padding:clamp(4rem,9vw,8rem) 0 clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7rem);display:grid}.microscopy-index,.microscopy-number,.microscopy-kind{color:#ff6a83;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:700}.microscopy-index{grid-row:1/3;padding-top:.75rem}.microscopy-intro h1{color:#f7f7f3;margin:0;font-size:clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7.4rem);line-height:.92}.microscopy-intro>p:last-child{color:#b5b5af;grid-column:2;max-width:760px;margin:0;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:clamp(1.15rem,2.2vw,1.5rem);line-height:1.45}.microscopy-entry{border-bottom:1px solid #4a4a47;padding:clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7rem) 0}.microscopy-entry-last{border-bottom:0}.microscopy-copy{grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,760px);gap:1.5rem 3rem;margin-bottom:clamp(2.2rem,5vw,4.5rem);display:grid}.microscopy-copy h2{color:#f7f7f3;margin-bottom:1.2rem;font-size:clamp(2rem,4.6vw,4rem);line-height:1}.microscopy-copy div>p:last-child{color:#b5b5af;max-width:690px;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1rem}.microscopy-kind{margin-bottom:.9rem}.microscopy-figure{border-top:1px solid #6b6b67;margin-left:198px;padding-top:1rem}.microscopy-figure img,.microscopy-figure video{background:#000;width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.microscopy-figure figcaption{color:#8f8f8a;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,720px) auto;gap:1rem;margin-top:.85rem;font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.5;display:grid}.capture-figure{background:#000;border:1px solid #363633;width:min(100% - 198px,610px);padding-inline:clamp(1rem,4vw,3rem)}.capture-figure img{image-rendering:auto}.capture-figure figcaption{padding-bottom:1rem}.microscopy-video-figure video{aspect-ratio:15/8;object-fit:contain}.drive-gallery{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,3rem);margin-left:198px;display:grid}.drive-card{border-top:1px solid #6b6b67;margin:0;padding-top:1rem}.drive-card video{aspect-ratio:16/10;object-fit:contain;background:#000;width:100%;display:block}.drive-card figcaption{color:#8f8f8a;margin-top:.85rem;font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.5}.drive-card figcaption strong{color:#f2f2ee;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:.3rem;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:.8rem;display:block}.drive-card figcaption span{display:block}.fabrication-figure img{background:#d0d0ce}.conformation-figure img{object-fit:contain;object-position:top center;max-height:1240px}.about-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,.58fr) minmax(0,1.42fr);gap:clamp(2.5rem,8vw,8rem);display:grid}.about-contact{border-top:4px solid var(--mit-red);padding-top:1.2rem}.about-contact address{margin:1.3rem 0;font-size:.9rem;font-style:normal}.about-contact>a{color:var(--mit-red);overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:.88rem;font-weight:700}.stacked-links{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:.55rem;margin-top:2rem;padding-top:1.2rem;display:flex}.about-bio{max-width:770px}.about-bio p{color:#41413e}.about-bio .bio-lede{color:var(--ink);font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.6vw,1.9rem);line-height:1.4}.timeline-section,.outreach-section{grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,.65fr) minmax(0,1.35fr);gap:clamp(2.5rem,8vw,8rem);display:grid}.timeline{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.timeline li{grid-template-columns:120px minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.5rem;padding:0 0 2rem;display:grid}.timeline li+li{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:2rem}.timeline li>span{color:var(--muted-ink);font-family:Courier New,monospace;font-size:.78rem}.timeline h3{margin-bottom:.5rem}.timeline p,.outreach-section>div:last-child p{color:var(--muted-ink);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.92rem}.outreach-section>div:last-child{max-width:690px;font-family:Georgia,Times New Roman,serif;font-size:1.12rem}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);color:var(--muted-ink);justify-content:space-between;gap:2rem;padding:2.2rem 0 3rem;font-size:.78rem;display:flex}.site-footer strong,.site-footer span{display:block}.site-footer strong{color:var(--ink)}.footer-links{gap:1.4rem;display:flex}.footer-links a:hover{color:var(--mit-red)}@media (max-width:900px){.masthead{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}nav{justify-content:space-between;gap:.5rem;width:100%}nav a:after{bottom:-1.3rem}.home-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr}.welcome-section{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(230px,310px)}.hero-figure{max-width:720px}.research-feature,.research-feature.text-only{grid-template-columns:50px minmax(0,1fr)}.research-image,blockquote{grid-column:2}}@media (max-width:680px){.institution-bar,.masthead,.site-main,.site-footer{width:min(calc(100% - 2rem), var(--page))}.institution-bar span:last-child{display:none}.masthead{min-height:0;padding:1.2rem 0 .9rem}.wordmark small{max-width:220px}nav{scrollbar-width:none;justify-content:flex-start;gap:0 1rem;padding-bottom:.1rem;overflow-x:auto}nav::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}nav a{flex:none;font-size:.84rem}nav a:after{bottom:-.95rem}.home-hero{padding-top:3rem}.welcome-section{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2rem}.welcome-portrait{max-width:360px}.home-hero h1{font-size:clamp(3rem,15vw,4.3rem)}.home-grid,.media-explainer,.about-layout,.timeline-section,.outreach-section{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.5rem}.page-intro{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.4rem}.page-index{padding-top:0}.page-intro h1{font-size:clamp(3.2rem,17vw,5rem)}.section-heading-row{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.publication-list li{grid-template-columns:60px minmax(0,1fr)}.note-band{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:1.5rem}.research-feature,.research-feature.text-only{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.8rem}.research-image,blockquote{grid-column:1;margin-top:1.5rem}.publication-year-group{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.2rem}.thesis-grid,.gallery-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.coverage-list{border-top:0}.coverage-list li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.7rem}.about-contact{margin-bottom:1rem}.timeline li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.6rem}.site-footer{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.microscopy-intro,.microscopy-copy{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.5rem}.microscopy-index{grid-row:auto;padding-top:0}.microscopy-intro>p:last-child{grid-column:1}.microscopy-number{margin-bottom:.5rem}.microscopy-figure,.drive-gallery,.capture-figure{grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-left:0}.capture-figure{padding-inline:clamp(1rem,8vw,3rem)}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{transition-duration:.01ms!important}}